Information Technology

  Top 10 Information Technology (IT) Companies in World 2019  1. Microsoft Corporation Microsoft Corporation is headquartered in Redmond, Washington, and is one of the largest companies in the world. Image: pixabay The products like Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Office, and Internet Explorer etc is being used by almost by almost every professional in the world. Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on 4, April, 1975, and it has expanded its market share by diversifying its services from operating system market to other various software products. It also took advantage of inorganic growth i.e. improve its revenue by acquiring no. of companies. Lastly Microsoft has acquired Linkedin which is considered to be largest acquisition for 26.2 billion dollars in 2016 and also it has acquired skype technologies for 8.5 billion dollars in the year 2011. There is a new paradigm shift in technology with the rapidly evolving environment and Microsoft is trying to le...

Differentiate between DDA Algorithm and Bresenham's Line Algorithm: DDA Algorithm Bresenham's Line Algorithm 1. DDA Algorithm use floating point, i.e., Real Arithmetic. 1. Bresenham's Line Algorithm use fixed point, i.e., Integer Arithmetic 2. DDA Algorithms uses multiplication & division its operation 2.Bresenham's Line Algorithm uses only subtraction and addition its operation 3. DDA Algorithm is slowly than Bresenham's Line Algorithm in line drawing because it uses real arithmetic (Floating Point operation) 3. Bresenham's Algorithm is faster than DDA Algorithm in line because it involves only addition & subtraction in its calculation and uses only integer arithmetic. 4. DDA Algorithm is not accurate and efficient as Bresenham's Line Algorithm. 4. Bresenham's Line Algorithm is more accurate and efficient at DDA Algorithm. 5.DDA Algorithm can draw circle and curves but are not accurate as Bresenham's Line...

Scan Converting a Straight Line A straight line may be defined by two endpoints & an equation. In fig the two endpoints are described by (x 1 ,y 1 ) and (x 2 ,y 2 ). The equation of the line is used to determine the x, y coordinates of all the points that lie between these two endpoints. Using the equation of a straight line, y = mx + b where m = & b = the y interrupt, we can find values of y by incrementing x from x =x 1 , to x = x 2 . By scan-converting these calculated x, y values, we represent the line as a sequence of pixels. Properties of Good Line Drawing Algorithm: 1. Line should appear Straight: We must appropriate the line by choosing addressable points close to it. If we choose well, the line will appear straight, if not, we shall produce crossed lines. The lines must be generated parallel or at 45° to the x and y-axes. Other lines cause a problem: a line segment through it starts and finishes at addressable points, may happen to pass through no an...

Scan Converting a Point Each pixel on the graphics display does not represent a mathematical point. Instead, it means a region which theoretically can contain an infinite number of points. Scan-Converting a point involves illuminating the pixel that contains the point. Example: Display coordinates points as shown in fig would both be represented by pixel (2, 1). In general, a point p (x, y) is represented by the integer part of x & the integer part of y that is pixels [(INT (x), INT (y).

Scan Conversion Definition It is a process of representing graphics objects a collection of pixels. The graphics objects are continuous. The pixels used are discrete. Each pixel can have either on or off state. The circuitry of the video display device of the computer is capable of converting binary values (0, 1) into a pixel on and pixel off information. 0 is represented by pixel off. 1 is represented using pixel on. Using this ability graphics computer represent picture having discrete dots. Any model of graphics can be reproduced with a dense matrix of dots or points. Most human beings think graphics objects as points, lines, circles, ellipses. For generating graphical object, many algorithms have been developed. Advantage of developing algorithms for scan conversion Algorithms can generate graphics objects at a faster rate. Using algorithms memory can be used efficiently. Algorithms can develop a higher level of graphical objects. Examples of objects which can ...

Plotters Plotters are a special type of output device. It is suitable for applications: Architectural plan of the building. CAD applications like the design of mechanical components of aircraft. Many engineering applications. Advantage: It can produce high-quality output on large sheets. It is used to provide the high precision drawing. It can produce graphics of various sizes. The speed of producing output is high. Drum Plotter: It consists of a drum. Paper on which design is made is kept on the drum. The drum can rotate in both directions. Plotters comprised of one or more pen and penholders. The holders are mounted perpendicular to drum surface. The pens are kept in the holder, which can move left to the right as well as right to the left. The graph plotting program controls the movement of pen and drum. Flatbed Plotter: It is used to draw complex design and graphs, charts. The Flatbed plotter can be kept over the table. The plotter consists of pen and hold...

Output Devices It is an electromechanical device, which accepts data from a computer and translates them into form understand by users. Following are Output Devices: Printers Plotters Printers: Printer is the most important output device, which is used to print data on paper. Types of Printers: There are many types of printers which are classified on various criteria as shown in fig: 1. Impact Printers: The printers that print the characters by striking against the ribbon and onto the papers are known as Impact Printers. These Printers are of two types: Character Printers Line Printers 2. Non-Impact Printers: The printers that print the characters without striking against the ribbon and onto the papers are called Non-Impact Printers. These printers print a complete page at a time, therefore, also known as Page Printers. Page Printers are of two types: Laser Printers Inkjet Printers Dot Matrix Printers: Dot matrix has printed in the form of do...