Information Technology

Hardware: Hardware, which is abbreviated as HW, refers to all physical components of a computer system, including the devices connected to it. You cannot create a computer or use software without using hardware. The screen on which you are reading this information is also a hardware. What is a hardware upgrade? A hardware upgrade refers to a new hardware, or a replacement for the old one, or additional hardware developed to improve the performance of the existing hardware. A common example of a hardware upgrade is a RAM upgrade that increases the computer's total memory, and video card upgrade, where the old video card is removed and replaced with the new one. Some of the commonly used hardware in your computer are described below: 1) Motherboard:  The motherboard is generally a thin circuit board that holds together almost all parts of a computer except input and output devices. All crucial hardware like CPU, memory, hard drive, and ports for input and output device...

Priority Scheduling In Priority scheduling, there is a priority number assigned to each process. In some systems, the lower the number, the higher the priority. While, in the others, the higher the number, the higher will be the priority. The Process with the higher priority among the available processes is given the CPU. There are two types of priority scheduling algorithm exists. One is Preemptive priority scheduling while the other is Non Preemptive Priority scheduling. The priority number assigned to each of the process may or may not vary. If the priority number doesn't change itself throughout the process, it is called static priority , while if it keeps changing itself at the regular intervals, it is called dynamic priority . Non Preemptive Priority Scheduling In the Non Preemptive Priority scheduling, The Processes are scheduled according to the priority number assigned to them. Once the process gets scheduled, it will run till the completion. G...

Types of OS There are many types of operating system exists in the current scenario: Batch Operating System In the era of 1970s, the Batch processing was very popular. The Jobs were executed in batches. People were used to have a single computer which was called mainframe. In Batch operating system, access is given to more than one person; they submit their respective jobs to the system for the execution. The system put all of the jobs in a queue on the basis of first come first serve and then executes the jobs one by one. The users collect their respective output when all the jobs get executed. Disadvantages of Batch OS 1. Starvation Batch processing suffers from starvation. If there are five jobs J1, J2, J3, J4, J4 and J5 present in the batch. If the execution time of J1 is very high then other four jobs will never be going to get executed or they will have to wait for a very high time. Hence the other processes get starved. 2. Not Interactive Batc...

  Top 10 Information Technology (IT) Companies in World 2019  1. Microsoft Corporation Microsoft Corporation is headquartered in Redmond, Washington, and is one of the largest companies in the world. Image: pixabay The products like Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Office, and Internet Explorer etc is being used by almost by almost every professional in the world. Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on 4, April, 1975, and it has expanded its market share by diversifying its services from operating system market to other various software products. It also took advantage of inorganic growth i.e. improve its revenue by acquiring no. of companies. Lastly Microsoft has acquired Linkedin which is considered to be largest acquisition for 26.2 billion dollars in 2016 and also it has acquired skype technologies for 8.5 billion dollars in the year 2011. There is a new paradigm shift in technology with the rapidly evolving environment and Microsoft is trying to le...

Differentiate between DDA Algorithm and Bresenham's Line Algorithm: DDA Algorithm Bresenham's Line Algorithm 1. DDA Algorithm use floating point, i.e., Real Arithmetic. 1. Bresenham's Line Algorithm use fixed point, i.e., Integer Arithmetic 2. DDA Algorithms uses multiplication & division its operation 2.Bresenham's Line Algorithm uses only subtraction and addition its operation 3. DDA Algorithm is slowly than Bresenham's Line Algorithm in line drawing because it uses real arithmetic (Floating Point operation) 3. Bresenham's Algorithm is faster than DDA Algorithm in line because it involves only addition & subtraction in its calculation and uses only integer arithmetic. 4. DDA Algorithm is not accurate and efficient as Bresenham's Line Algorithm. 4. Bresenham's Line Algorithm is more accurate and efficient at DDA Algorithm. 5.DDA Algorithm can draw circle and curves but are not accurate as Bresenham's Line...

Scan Converting a Straight Line A straight line may be defined by two endpoints & an equation. In fig the two endpoints are described by (x 1 ,y 1 ) and (x 2 ,y 2 ). The equation of the line is used to determine the x, y coordinates of all the points that lie between these two endpoints. Using the equation of a straight line, y = mx + b where m = & b = the y interrupt, we can find values of y by incrementing x from x =x 1 , to x = x 2 . By scan-converting these calculated x, y values, we represent the line as a sequence of pixels. Properties of Good Line Drawing Algorithm: 1. Line should appear Straight: We must appropriate the line by choosing addressable points close to it. If we choose well, the line will appear straight, if not, we shall produce crossed lines. The lines must be generated parallel or at 45° to the x and y-axes. Other lines cause a problem: a line segment through it starts and finishes at addressable points, may happen to pass through no an...